PSG has now secured the season-opening trophy on 14 separate times.
Paris Saint-Germain required a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in Kuwait and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup victory.
The Champions League holders seemed to be coasting towards a straightforward triumph in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup holders after the French winger found the scoring in the opening stages.
However, Marseille struck two times late to take a shock advantage. Initially, the English forward converted from the spot-kick, before the defender unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable turn of events, the Portuguese striker grabbed a crucial leveler in the dying seconds to send the contest into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then stood as the hero, saving crucial kicks from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and Desire Doue all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a convincing penalty victory.
Now 14-time champions PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now lifted this trophy for the twelfth time in the last thirteen seasons.